The Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory

The Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory

Swift satellite artists conception Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most powerful explosions the Universe has seen since the Big Bang. They occur approximately once per day and are brief, but intense, flashes of gamma radiation. They come from all different directions of the sky and last from a few milliseconds to a few hundred seconds. So far scientists do not know what causes them. Do they signal the birth of a black hole in a massive stellar explosion? Are they the product of the collision of two neutron stars? Or is it some other exotic phenomenon that causes these bursts?

With Swift, a NASA mission with international participation, scientists have a tool dedicated to answering these questions and solving the gamma-ray burst mystery. Its three instruments give scientists the ability to scrutinize gamma-ray bursts like never before. Within seconds of detecting a burst, Swift relays its location to ground stations, allowing both ground-based and space-based telescopes around the world the opportunity to observe the burst's afterglow. Swift is part of NASA's medium explorer (MIDEX) program and was launched into a low-Earth orbit on a Delta 7320 rocket on November 20, 2004. The Principal Investigator is Dr. Brad Cenko (NASA-GSFC).

NASA's Swift Sees 'Wandering' Mega Black Hole Shredding Star
NASA's Swift Sees 'Wandering' Mega Black Hole Shredding Star
This artist's concept depicts a tidal disruption event, which occurs when a star passes fatally close to a supermassive black hole. Crumbs of the splintering star heat up as they swirl around the black hole, creating a glow astronomers can see from far across the cosmos, and the black hole launches a relativistic jet into space. (NRAO/AUI/NSF/NASA)

» NASA Release
Swift's 20th Anniversary
Swift's 20th Anniversary

Swift Operations Status

Swift has suspended science observations to prioritize orbital lifetime in support of the reboost mission.

Latest Swift News

Jul 28, 2026

Commissioning Update for Spacecraft to Boost NASA's Swift

Over the weekend, Katalyst's LINK servicing spacecraft experienced issues with attitude control, causing the spacecraft to spin and resulting in sporadic communications. Preliminary investigation shows that two of LINK's three reaction wheels currently are not operable, and there is some loss of functionality in its cold gas thruster system.
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Jul 27, 2026

NASA's Swift Sees 'Wandering' Mega Black Hole Shredding Star

NASA's Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory captured an "orphan" black hole lighting up as it devoured a star on the outskirts of a faraway galaxy. These phenomena are rare to begin with, and none had ever before been seen so far outside of a galaxy's core.
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Jul 15, 2026

Spacecraft Commissioning On Track for Mission to Boost NASA's Swift

Teams continue to progress through in-orbit preparations for the robotic servicing spacecraft designed to boost NASA's Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory to a higher altitude. Katalyst Space's LINK spacecraft remains healthy and is about halfway through this commissioning process.
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